General use

• Innerspring mattresses:

  Use a system of coils for support and durability, with padding on top. They provide a traditional, firm feel and allow for good airflow. 
• Foam mattresses:

  Typically made of high-density polyurethane or memory foam. They are lightweight, affordable, and conform to the body to reduce pressure points. 
• Gel mattresses:

  Use gel layers to help distribute weight and pressure evenly, often found in combination with foam. 
• Hybrid mattresses:

  Combine foam and air technology to offer adjustable pressure relief and a firm edge. 

Pressure relief and specialized care

• Alternating pressure mattresses:

  Use an air pump to cyclically inflate and deflate air cells, which actively redistributes pressure to prevent and treat pressure sores. 
• Low-air-loss mattresses:

  Continuously release small amounts of air to keep the skin dry and cool, making them ideal for patients prone to sweating or skin breakdown. 
• Lateral rotation mattresses:

  Automatically and gently rotate the patient from side to side at set intervals to reduce pressure and improve circulation. 
• Bariatric mattresses:

  Designed for heavier individuals, these offer enhanced support and durability. 

Preparation and setup

1. Unroll the mattress: Place the mattress on the bed frame, ensuring the air hose is at the foot end and the labels face up.
2. Secure the mattress: Attach the mattress to the bed frame using the provided straps. For hospital beds, secure the straps just below any lift functions to prevent damage. Do not overtighten the straps at this stage.
3. Check CPR valve: Ensure all CPR valves are closed and plugged before inflating.
4. Position the pump: Hang the pump over the foot end of the bed frame and secure it.
5. Connect the tubes: Connect the air hose from the mattress to the corresponding nozzle on the pump. You may also need to connect a sensor cable if applicable.
6. Plug in the pump: Plug the power cord into a grounded electrical outlet. 

Inflation and adjustment

1. Turn on the pump: 

   Press the power switch on the pump. The power LED should illuminate, indicating inflation has started. 
2. Wait for inflation: 

   Allow the mattress to fully inflate, which typically takes about 30 to 45 minutes. For a faster inflation, some models have a “static mode” or “max inflate” setting that should be activated. 
3. Adjust pressure: 

   Once the mattress is inflated, adjust the pressure setting based on the patient’s weight and comfort. Use the pressure-adjust knob or control panel. 
4. Lock settings (if applicable): 

   Some models allow you to lock the pressure setting to prevent it from changing. 

Final checks

• Final tightening: Once the pressure is set, fully tighten the straps under the bed frame. 
• Check for stability: Ensure the mattress is stable and there are no gaps between the mattress and side rails that could pose a entrapment risk. 

Patient and medical considerations

• Mobility and time in bed: 

  Patients who are immobile or in bed for extended periods (over 12 hours a day) need a more supportive mattress, such as a high-density foam or pressure-relief mattress. Those with more mobility may be suitable for a basic innerspring mattress. 
• Medical conditions: 

  Patients with circulation issues, high risk of bedsores, or chronic pain may need a specialized mattress like an alternating pressure or low air loss mattress for better pressure redistribution and comfort. 
• Weight capacity: 

  Choose a mattress with an appropriate weight capacity, especially for larger individuals. Bariatric mattresses are designed to provide higher support. 

Key features to look for

• Pressure redistribution: 

  Mattresses with pressure-relief features, such as visco-elastic foam or alternating pressure cells, are crucial for preventing bedsores, especially for those with limited mobility. 
• Durability and cleaning: 

  Look for durable materials that hold their shape and covers that are easy to clean, waterproof, and stain-resistant to maintain hygiene. Removable and washable covers are ideal. 
• Flexibility: 

  The mattress should be flexible enough to bend with the different sections of the hospital bed frame. 
• Moisture management: 

  For incontinent patients, a waterproof and antimicrobial cover is essential to prevent moisture buildup. 

Types of mattresses

• Innerspring: 

  The most economical option. Best for patients with several hours of daily mobility, but the least durable for long-term use. 
• Foam: 

  A good balance of support and cost. High-density foam mattresses are suitable for patients who spend long periods in bed. 
• Pressure-relief/Alternating Pressure: 

  The most effective at preventing bedsores. They are best for patients who are bedridden or at high risk for skin issues. Some models have automated systems to change pressure points.