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Hospital Air Mattress for Bedsores — The Ultimate Guide for Healthcare Professionals

Pressure ulcers (commonly called bedsores) remain one of the most challenging issues in hospitals and long-term care facilities. For patients who are bedridden or have limited mobility, prolonged pressure on the skin can cause painful ulcers that significantly impact recovery and quality of life.
That’s why healthcare facilities worldwide are turning to hospital air mattresses for bedsores, a proven solution designed to relieve pressure, improve circulation, and enhance patient comfort.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the benefits, technology, case studies, and selection criteria for hospital air mattresses — focusing on advanced models designed and manufactured by Henyuan Medical, a global expert in medical support surfaces.

1. What Is a Hospital Air Mattress for Bedsores?

A hospital air mattress (also known as an alternating pressure air mattress) is a therapeutic surface engineered to prevent and manage pressure ulcers.
Unlike traditional foam mattresses, these systems use a network of air cells that inflate and deflate cyclically to redistribute body pressure across multiple points.

How It Works

The air pump alternates inflation between air chambers every few minutes — continuously changing pressure points on the patient’s body. This process simulates natural repositioning movements, reducing tissue compression and improving blood circulation, without requiring constant manual turning by caregivers.

A hospital air mattress for bedsores is a specialized therapeutic mattress designed to prevent and treat pressure ulcers by using air chambers to redistribute body weight and promote circulation. These mattresses use either alternating pressure (inflating and deflating air cells in a cycle) or low air loss (circulating air across the surface) or a combination of both technologies. This constant movement of air prevents pressure from building up in one area and helps keep the skin dry and cool, which reduces the risk of skin breakdown.

Types of technology

Alternating pressure:

Air cells or “bladders” inflate and deflate in a cycle, shifting the pressure points to avoid prolonged pressure on the same areas of the body.
Low air loss:

Tiny holes or microvents in the mattress allow a controlled amount of air to escape, creating a gentle airflow across the skin. This helps to keep the skin cool and dry, reducing moisture buildup that can lead to skin breakdown.
Hybrid systems:

Some advanced mattresses combine both alternating pressure and low air loss features for comprehensive pressure relief and moisture management.

Benefits

Reduces pressure: Redistributes body weight to prevent pressure points that can lead to bedsores.
Improves circulation: The constant shifting of air pressure improves blood flow to the skin.
Manages moisture: Low air loss systems help keep the skin cool and dry by reducing sweat and humidity.
Promotes healing: Creates a more therapeutic and comfortable environment for patients with existing pressure ulcers.
Customizable comfort: Many systems allow for pressure to be adjusted for individual needs.

Who is it for?

These mattresses are ideal for individuals at risk of developing pressure sores, those requiring prolonged bed rest, or patients recovering from surgery. The risk level of the patient often dictates the type of mattress required, from basic alternating pressure pads to more advanced low air loss systems.

2. The Science Behind Pressure Relief and Redistribution

The science behind pressure relief and redistribution is to prevent skin breakdown by managing pressure, which is a major cause of pressure ulcers. Pressure relief involves actively repositioning the body to reduce or remove pressure from specific vulnerable areas, like bony prominences. Pressure redistribution uses specialized surfaces and devices (e.g., foam mattresses, air-filled cushions) to spread weight more evenly across a larger surface area, reducing the intensity of pressure on any single point. Both strategies are crucial and are often used together to reduce the magnitude and duration of pressure on tissues.

How they work

Pressure:

Pressure ulcers are caused by sustained deformation of tissue due to pressure. The relationship between pressure magnitude and time is critical; high pressure can cause damage in minutes, while lower pressure can cause damage over hours.
Relief:

This is an active method, most commonly achieved through regular repositioning or manual offloading. This prevents a single area from being subjected to constant, high pressure for too long.
Redistribution:
This is a passive or active method that uses support surfaces to spread body weight over a wider area.

Passive redistribution: Support surfaces like foam or water-filled mattresses conform to the body’s shape, allowing pressure to be distributed over a larger surface area.

Active redistribution: Powered devices like low-air-loss or alternating pressure beds use air to inflate and deflate different sections of the mattress, changing the points of contact to reduce pressure duration.

Key scientific principles

Tissue perfusion:

Sustained pressure, especially at high magnitudes, can restrict blood flow to tissues, leading to damage. Pressure relief and redistribution aim to maintain adequate blood flow.
Shear and friction:

Support surfaces also help by reducing shear and friction forces, which are often caused by sliding or dragging movements between the body and the support surface.
Support surface characteristics:

The effectiveness of a redistribution device depends on its material, construction, and features. For example, materials like foam, air, or gel are used to conform to the body, while powered systems actively change the pressure points.

Clinical application

Combined strategies:

In practice, pressure relief and redistribution are used together. A person might use a pressure-redistributing mattress while also being repositioned to offload pressure from bony areas.
Individualized approach:

The choice between methods depends on the individual’s risk factors, such as mobility, body size, and specific skin conditions.

Pressure Ulcers and Risk Factors

Bedsores occur when constant pressure limits blood flow to the skin and underlying tissues, usually around bony prominences such as the sacrum, heels, and elbows.
Elderly, post-surgical, or immobilized patients are most at risk.

How Alternating Pressure Mattresses Prevent Bedsores

Dynamic Air Movement: Alternating inflation cycles (every 8–12 minutes) maintain tissue oxygenation.
Microclimate Control: Some models include low-air-loss technology to manage moisture and temperature.
Pressure Redistribution: Even weight distribution prevents localized stress points.
Adjustable Firmness: Caregivers can tailor air pressure based on patient weight and medical needs.

Clinical studies — including findings published by PubMed Central (PMC) — confirm that alternating air pressure mattresses significantly reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers compared to static or foam surfaces.

3. Key Benefits of Using a Hospital Air Mattress

Hospital air mattresses primarily prevent and treat pressure ulcers (bedsores) by redistributing weight and improving blood circulation. They also enhance patient comfort through customizable firmness, support proper posture, and make it easier for caregivers to manage the patient’s needs.

Pressure ulcer prevention

Redistributes pressure:

The air-filled cells inflate and deflate in a cycle, constantly shifting pressure from one part of the body to another to prevent prolonged pressure on any single area.
Improves circulation:

By avoiding constant pressure on one spot, air mattresses help ensure better blood flow to the tissues, reducing the risk of skin breakdown.
Reduces shear and friction:

The cushioning effect of air cells minimizes the forces of friction and shear against the skin, which can also contribute to bedsores.

Comfort and support

Customizable firmness:

Caregivers can adjust the firmness to meet the individual needs and preferences of the patient, which is crucial for comfort, especially for those with chronic pain or spinal injuries.
Enhanced comfort:

The supportive yet gentle surface provides a more comfortable resting experience for individuals who are bedridden for long periods.

Caregiver and hygiene benefits

Easier to clean:

Air mattresses are typically waterproof and easy to wipe down, which is essential for maintaining hygiene and preventing infection in a healthcare environment.
Reduces caregiver strain:

Features like adjustable air pressure and controls can make it simpler for nurses and caregivers to assist the patient without having to manually reposition them as frequently.
Can improve pulmonary hygiene:

Some systems are designed to assist with pulmonary hygiene, which is beneficial for certain patients.

Benefit	Description	Clinical Impact
Pressure Ulcer Prevention	Alternating pressure design continuously relieves stress on skin and muscles	Reduces ulcer formation and accelerates healing
Comfort and Pain Relief	Air-filled cells contour to body shape	Improves sleep quality and patient satisfaction
Improved Blood Circulation	Gentle movement encourages microcirculation	Supports tissue regeneration
Reduced Caregiver Burden	Minimizes manual repositioning	Lowers risk of back injury for nurses
Hygienic and Easy to Clean	Waterproof, antimicrobial cover	Enhances infection control
Cost-Effective Long-Term Care	Extends mattress lifespan and reduces wound treatment costs	Improves operational efficiency in hospitals

4. Henyuan Medical Air Mattress Technology

At Henyuan Medical, every hospital air mattress is built with clinical precision, durable materials, and ergonomic design.

Technical Specifications – Henyuan Medical HA Series

Feature	Specification	Function
Type	Alternating Pressure / Low Air Loss	Prevents and treats bedsores
Air Cycle Duration	10–12 minutes	Optimal circulation stimulation
Material	Medical-grade TPU / Nylon	Durable, waterproof, anti-microbial
Pump Type	Silent dual compressor	Ensures stable air pressure
Pressure Range	30–120 mmHg (adjustable)	Suitable for different body weights
Mattress Height	5″ / 8″ / 10″ (customized)	Enhanced pressure relief
Weight Capacity	Up to 200 kg	Suitable for bariatric patients
Optional Features	CPR valve, digital control, low-air-loss mode	Improves patient safety and comfort

5. Real-World Case Studies

Based on extensive research, real-world case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of hospital air mattresses in preventing and treating bedsores (pressure ulcers). For patients with limited mobility, air mattresses can significantly improve outcomes, reduce recovery time, and lower healthcare costs compared to standard hospital mattresses.

The key benefits of these mattresses include:

Pressure redistribution: The specialized mattresses create a supportive, low-friction environment.
Improved circulation: The constant flow of air helps promote better blood flow.
Reduced moisture: Air circulation minimizes sweat and moisture buildup on the skin.
Reduced friction: The design minimizes the risk of further skin breakdown.

Here are some examples of case studies and findings regarding air mattresses:

Case study 1: Long-term care facility (hypothetical)

Setting: A skilled nursing facility with a high population of immobile, elderly residents.
Intervention: Implementation of alternating pressure and low air loss mattresses as the standard of care for residents at high risk of pressure injuries.
Outcome: A study showed that consistent use of air mattresses reduced pressure ulcer incidence by up to 60%, significantly improving patient health and comfort. Staff also noted that the technology simplified repositioning, saving time and reducing the risk of injury.

Case study 2: A budget impact analysis (Wiley Online Library, 2024)

Setting: Hospital settings for patients at very high risk of pressure ulcers.
Intervention: Researchers conducted an analysis of the Mercury Advance SMARTcare, a powered hybrid mattress that provides both air displacement and alternating pressure.
Outcome: The study concluded that the new technology was effective for redistributing pressure, particularly in the heel area. This case demonstrates the continuous innovation in air mattress technology, focusing on complex cases and high-risk patients.

Case study 3: Randomized controlled trial for ulcer prevention (ClinicalTrials.gov)

Setting: A general hospital’s nursing and orthopedic wards.
Intervention: A randomized controlled trial compared a reactive static air mattress to an alternating air pressure mattress for pressure ulcer prevention in 308 high-risk patients.
Outcome: While this study is designed to compare different types of air mattress technology, it is a real-world example of how hospitals and researchers are continually evaluating the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of these devices. Daily skin assessments and risk factor registration are part of the protocol.

Case study 4: Review of alternating pressure air mattresses (NCBI, 2010)

Setting: Multiple healthcare facilities.
Intervention: A review of studies focused on comparing alternating pressure air mattresses (APMs) with standard hospital mattresses for pressure sore prevention.
Outcome: Researchers found that APMs were likely more effective than standard mattresses. One cost-effectiveness study showed that alternating pressure overlays were more cost-effective than standard mattresses, citing reduced length of stay and delayed development of pressure sores.

Considerations and factors

While air mattresses are a powerful tool, their effectiveness in real-world scenarios is also influenced by other factors:

Patient experience: A qualitative study of nursing home residents highlighted factors like mattress noise, motion, and discomfort during transfers. These factors can affect compliance and overall patient satisfaction, despite the clinical benefits.
Implementation: Staff training and facility-level protocols are critical. The success of any new mattress is tied to proper use and integration into standard care procedures.
Device quality: Not all air mattresses are created equal. Different types, such as alternating pressure, low air loss, or hybrid systems, have varying levels of effectiveness depending on the patient’s condition.

Case 1: Elderly Care Facility – Guangzhou, China

A nursing home replaced foam mattresses with Henyuan Medical’s HA-5 Alternating Air Mattress System.
Within three months, the number of new pressure ulcers dropped by 65%, and nurses reported a 40% reduction in manual repositioning workload.

Case 2: Post-Surgical Recovery Ward

Post-operative patients recovering from orthopedic surgery experienced less back pain and improved sleep, thanks to the air mattress’s adaptive air cells and low-noise pump. Clinical staff observed faster wound healing and reduced use of topical ulcer treatments.

6. Types of Hospital Air Mattresses

The main types of hospital air mattresses for bedsores are alternating pressure, low air loss, and hybrid systems. Alternating pressure mattresses use a pump to inflate and deflate air cells to change pressure points, while low air loss mattresses feature continuous airflow to keep skin dry and cool. Hybrid systems combine these technologies to offer both pressure redistribution and air circulation, and some models may also include foam layers.

Alternating Pressure Air Mattresses (APAM)

Function:

An internal pump cycles air through the mattress’s air cells, causing them to sequentially inflate and deflate.
Benefit:

This dynamic movement prevents pressure from building up on any single point on the body, which is crucial for patients who are immobile.

Low Air Loss Mattresses

Function:

A continuous flow of low-pressure air is released through tiny pores in the mattress surface.
Benefit:

This keeps the skin cool and dry, reducing moisture and heat that can lead to skin breakdown.

Hybrid Systems

Function:

Combines two or more technologies, such as alternating pressure and low air loss, into a single mattress.
Benefit:

Offers both the benefits of pressure redistribution and constant airflow for comprehensive skin protection.
Variations:

Some hybrid or treatment mattresses may also combine air with foam, such as a foam base with an air top, to provide additional comfort and support.

Other types to consider

Bariatric Mattresses:

These are designed for larger individuals, often incorporating high-density foam and the features of other pressure-relief mattresses.
Static/Gel Mattresses:

These are non-powered options, such as static air or gel pads, that provide the lowest level of pressure relief compared to powered air systems.

(1) Alternating Pressure Air Mattress (APAM)

The most common type — ideal for high-risk or immobilized patients. Constant pressure changes prevent sores effectively.

(2) Low Air Loss Mattress

Designed with perforated cells that allow air to flow through the surface — controlling humidity and skin temperature.

(3) Hybrid Mattress

Combines foam and air technology for improved support and comfort. Suitable for long-term use and medium-risk patients.

(4) Bariatric Air Mattress

Reinforced structure for heavier patients, maintaining stable pressure distribution up to 250–300 kg.

7. How to Choose the Right Air Mattress for Bedsores

To choose the right air mattress for bedsores, select an Alternating Pressure (AP) mattress for high-risk or existing sores, or an Low Air Loss (LAL) mattress if moisture is a major concern. Consider a mattress’s pressure risk level (high-risk patients need a full replacement system, while lower-risk individuals might use a pad) and ensure the mattress type is suitable for the user’s mobility and wound stage.

Based on risk level

High Risk or Existing Sores:

Choose a full alternating pressure mattress replacement system. These are often 8 inches or taller and have multiple air cells that cycle to redistribute pressure and improve blood flow.
Medium Risk:

A 5-inch alternating pressure mattress can be effective for those with limited mobility who spend significant time in bed.
Low Risk:

A 3-inch alternating pressure overlay placed on a standard mattress may be sufficient.

Based on the type of pressure management

Alternating Pressure (AP) Mattress:

Works by inflating and deflating air cells to change pressure points, which is ideal for improving blood flow and treating existing pressure ulcers.
Low Air Loss (LAL) Mattress:

Features tiny holes to allow for continuous, gentle airflow, which keeps the skin cool and dry by managing moisture. This is best for individuals prone to sweating or for whom moisture is a contributing factor to skin breakdown.
Alternating Pressure with Low Air Loss:

These hybrid models offer the combined benefits of both technologies for comprehensive care.

Other factors to consider

Mobility:

If a person has some mobility and can reposition themselves, a less intensive mattress might work. For those with complete immobility, a more advanced and comprehensive system is needed.
Moisture:

If the individual is prone to excessive sweating, choose a mattress with low air loss features to help prevent moisture-related skin issues.
Maintenance:

Remember that these medical-grade mattresses may require regular maintenance and air pressure checks to function correctly.
Pump noise:

Be aware that some alternating pressure systems have louder pumps, which could be a consideration in quiet settings.
Integration:

Some systems can be placed over an existing mattress, while others are complete replacements. Ensure the mattress fits properly with the hospital bed frame if necessary.

When selecting a hospital air mattress, healthcare professionals should evaluate:

Patient’s Risk Level:
- High risk (immobile, ICU, aged care): Choose alternating pressure or low-air-loss types.
- Medium risk: Hybrid or foam-based redistribution models.
Mattress Size & Bed Compatibility:
- Match hospital bed frame dimensions (typically 36″ × 80″ or customized).
Pump Noise Level:
- Select models with <35dB for a quiet environment.
Infection Control:
- Use materials with waterproof and antibacterial covers.
Ease of Maintenance:
- Quick-release air hoses and removable covers simplify cleaning.
Support Surface Certifications:
- Ensure CE, ISO 13485, and FDA registration for hospital-grade safety.

8. Why Choose Henyuan Medical

Henyuan Medical is a trusted global manufacturer specializing in hospital beds, air mattresses, and patient support surfaces.
Our products are designed with clinicians, tested in hospitals, and certified under international medical device standards.

Our Advantages

Over 15 years of experience in pressure care systems
In-house R&D with clinical testing data
Quiet, energy-efficient pump technology
Durable TPU materials and sealed air cells
Custom OEM & ODM options for healthcare distributors

With a commitment to pressure relief innovation, Henyuan Medical continues to improve patient outcomes and caregiver efficiency through intelligent design and precision engineering.

9. Conclusion

A hospital air mattress for bedsores is not just a comfort upgrade — it’s a vital medical tool that protects patients from life-threatening ulcers and supports faster recovery.
By choosing Henyuan Medical’s alternating pressure air mattresses, healthcare professionals ensure:
✅ Safer care environments
✅ Reduced staff strain
✅ Improved patient comfort
✅ Long-term cost savings

Whether for hospitals, nursing homes, or home healthcare, a properly selected air mattress can transform both patient outcomes and caregiver experiences.