How it works

• An electric pump, typically located at the foot of the bed, pushes air into the mattress. 
• The mattress is made of a series of air chambers or cells. 
• The pump causes these cells to inflate and deflate in a cyclical pattern, changing the pressure points on the body. 
• This constant shifting of pressure encourages blood flow and prevents one area of the body from being under pressure for too long. 
• The mattress is designed to replace a standard mattress and is used in both home and long-term care settings. 
  

Key benefits

• Pressure ulcer prevention and treatment: 

  The primary purpose is to prevent the formation of pressure ulcers, also known as bedsores, and to aid in their healing. 
• Improved circulation: 

  The alternating pressure helps stimulate blood flow, which is crucial for healthy tissue. 
• Automatic repositioning: 

  It automates the turning and repositioning of a patient, which reduces the burden on caregivers. 
• Skin health: 

  Many advanced systems include a “low air loss” feature, which maintains a cool, dry microclimate to keep the skin comfortable and reduce moisture. 
• Power outage protection: 

  Some mattresses are designed to hold air for several hours in case of a power outage. 

Step 1: Prepare and place the mattress

• Unroll the mattress on the bed frame, ensuring labels or symbols face up and the air hose is at the foot end. 
• Secure the mattress to the bed frame using the attached straps. Attach them to the frame, not moving parts of the bed, and tighten them without fully securing them until after inflation. 
• Double-check that any CPR valves are closed. 

Step 2: Connect the pump and power

• Hang the pump at the foot of the bed using its hooks. 
• Connect the mattress air hose to the pump until you hear a click. 
• If your model has a sensor cable, connect it to the pump as well. 
• Plug the power cord into a grounded electrical outlet. 

Step 3: Inflate and set up

• Turn on the pump’s power switch. 
• Press the “On” button on the control panel if applicable. The inflation light should turn on, and the mattress will begin to inflate, which can take 30-45 minutes for many models. 
• Once fully inflated, adjust the pressure dial to match the patient’s weight to ensure a comfortable and effective pressure level. 
• Select the “static” mode to inflate the entire mattress or the “alternating” mode for pressure relief cycles. The mode is typically selected by pressing the “static” button, and the light indicates if the mode is active. 
• Finalize the straps to secure the mattress. 

Step 4: Operation and maintenance

• Keep the power unit running to maintain the correct pressure. 
• For a power outage, disconnect the pump and place a cap on the valve to keep the mattress inflated. 
• The “low pressure” indicator light will turn on if there is an issue that needs attention. 
• Disconnect the power supply when not in use, or when it’s not in a medical use situation. 

How it works

• Air pump: 

  A compressor pump is connected to the mattress and provides the air pressure. 
• Air cells: 

  The mattress contains multiple air-filled cells or “bubbles”. 
• Alternating cycle: 

  The pump cycles through the air cells, inflating one set while deflating the other. 
• Pressure redistribution: 

  This process causes the user’s body weight to be supported by different areas of the mattress at different times, preventing prolonged pressure on any single point. 
• Adjustable settings: 

  Many mattresses allow you to adjust the speed of the cycle (from every few minutes to longer periods) and the overall pressure level to suit the user’s weight and comfort. 
• Static mode: 

  A static mode is often available to hold the mattress at a constant, firm pressure, which can be useful for certain situations like transferring the person. 

Types of pressure mattresses

• Full replacement: 

  These are full mattresses designed to completely replace a standard bed mattress. 
• Overlay systems: 

  These are placed on top of an existing mattress to provide the alternating pressure function. 
• Low air loss: 

  Some mattresses are designed with a “low air loss” feature that provides a small, continuous flow of air to help manage moisture and heat on the skin. 

Key benefits of medical air mattresses

• Prevent pressure ulcers (bedsores): 

  This is a primary benefit, as the mattresses continuously shift pressure points by alternately inflating and deflating air cells. This prevents prolonged pressure on areas like the hips, heels, and tailbone. 
• Improve blood circulation: 

  The constant pressure redistribution helps promote better blood flow throughout the body, reducing the risk of blood pooling and related complications. 
• Reduce pain and enhance comfort: 

  By adapting to the body’s contours, air mattresses relieve pressure on sensitive areas, which can reduce chronic pain from muscle stiffness and limited mobility. 
• Enhance patient comfort: 

  The ability to customize firmness levels allows for a more comfortable sleeping experience tailored to individual needs. 
• Assist with pulmonary hygiene: 

  Remaining in a stationary position for long periods can impact lung function; the movement provided by an alternating pressure mattress can help mitigate this. 
• Improve skin integrity: 

  They can prevent excessive moisture buildup and reduce friction, which helps maintain the health of the skin

Maintenance tips

• Daily: 

  Wipe the mattress cover with a soft cloth dampened with mild detergent and water. Clean up spills or bodily fluids immediately. 
• Weekly: 

  Inspect the pump and tubing for dust, clogs, or kinks. Ensure the pump vents are clear. 
• Monthly: 

  If possible, gently clean the air filter. Deflate the mattress, inspect each cell for cracks or thin spots, and wipe the waterproof cover with an approved sanitizer before it dries completely. 
• General: 

  Do not use electric blankets, foam toppers, or tightly fitted sheets on the mattress. Use only a loosely fitted sheet and consider a protective cover to prolong its life. 

Troubleshooting tips

• Mattress won’t inflate or is too soft:

  • Check that the pump is plugged in and turned on. 
  • Verify that all hoses are securely connected to the pump and the mattress. 
  • Ensure the CPR valve is closed. If it’s open, the mattress won’t inflate properly. 
• Middle of the mattress is soft while the rest is firm:

  • This can happen when a patient is sitting up. Change the mode to “static” to allow air to flow evenly. 
  • After the patient lies down again, switch the mattress back to its normal “alternating” mode. 
• Pump is making strange noises or has no airflow:

  • Check the air filter and clear any obstructions. 
  • Inspect the air tubing for kinks or breaks. 
• Mattress has a leak:

  • If the mattress has a small puncture or tear, use a manufacturer-approved repair kit. 
  • For larger or more extensive damage, contact the manufacturer or dealer for a replacement. 

1. Assess patient needs

• Pressure relief: 

  Consider the severity of the patient’s condition. Those at high risk for or with existing pressure ulcers may need the advanced pressure redistribution of alternating pressure or low air loss models. 
• Comfort and support: 

  A higher weight capacity is crucial for larger patients, and the mattress should accommodate the patient’s height and mobility needs. 
• Moisture management: 

  Look for mattresses with features like a low air loss system or waterproof coatings if moisture is a concern, to help keep the skin dry. 
• Temperature regulation: 

  Some specialized air mattresses feature a low air-loss system that circulates air to the patient’s skin, which can help with temperature control. 

2. Choose the right type of air mattress

• Alternating pressure:

  Uses a pump to cycle air through cells, which shifts pressure points and can help prevent pressure ulcers.
• Low air loss:

  Continuously circulates air across the mattress surface to promote air flow to the skin and help manage moisture.
• Combination systems:

  Integrate features of both alternating pressure and low air loss in a single mattress. 

3. Consider key features and specifications

• Weight capacity: 

  Ensure the mattress can safely support the patient’s weight, especially for bariatric individuals who may need a wider, higher-capacity model. 
• Durability: 

  Look for long-lasting materials and reinforced edges. The pump should also be reliable, with some models offering a secondary pump as a backup. 
• Pump functionality: 

  Choose a pump that can be controlled by the patient or a caregiver and check for useful features like a built-in alarm for added safety. 
• Cleaning: 

  Opt for an easy-to-clean, waterproof, or antimicrobial cover for sanitation purposes. 
• Dimensions: 

  Verify that the mattress will fit the length and width of your hospital bed and the space it occupies.